Size in Square Kilometres
2239
Qualifying Species and Criteria
Bryde’s whale – Balaenoptera edeni
Criterion C (2)
Spinner dolphin – Stenella longirostris
Criterion C (2)
Criterion D (2) – Marine Mammal Diversity
Balaenoptera edeni, Balaenoptera musculus, Feresa attenuata, Globicephala macrorhynchus, Grampus griseus, Lagenodelphis hosei, Megaptera novaeangliae, Orcinus orca, Physeter macrocephalus, Pseudorca crassidens, Stenella attenuata, Stenella longirostris, Steno bredanensis, Tursiops truncatus
Other Marine Mammal Species Documented
Summary
The IMMA is flanked on both the eastern and western parts of the Peninsula by steep bathymetric gradients and undersea canyons. Seasonal upwelling exists at the southwestern section around the canyon perimeter and the steep bathymetry gradients. The bathymetry steeply drops from 200 m to 1,000 m in just 5 km. Bryde’s whales (Balaenoptera edeni) have been observed feeding at the south-western extent of the bathymetric slope. Spinner dolphins (Stenella longirostris) are often sighted feeding and aggregating above the south-eastern parts of the canyon. Twelve other cetacean species have been observed, including sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus), Risso’s dolphins (Grampus griseus), Fraser’s dolphins (Lagenodelphis hosei), Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae), Killer whales (Orcinus orca), and blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus).
Description of Qualifying Criteria
Criterion A – Species or Population Vulnerability
Criterion B – Distribution and Abundance
Sub-criterion B1 – Small and Resident Populations
Sub-criterion B2 – Aggregations
Criterion C: Key Life Cycle Activities
Sub-criterion C1 – Reproductive Areas
Sub-criterion C2: Feeding Areas
Bryde’s whales (Balaenoptera edeni) have been observed feeding at the southwestern edges of the sloping bathymetry gradient around the Bali Peninsula (Mustika et al. 2021). Spinner dolphins (Stenella longirostris) have often been sighted feeding above the south-eastern canyon systems.
Sub-criterion C3: Migration Routes
C3a – Whale Seasonal Migratory Route
C3b – Migration / Movement Area
Criterion D – Special Attributes
Sub-criterion D1 – Distinctiveness
Sub-criterion D2 – Diversity
The IMMA hosts at least 14 cetacean species regularly observed within the area from the limited surveys undertaken to date (Mustika et al. 2021), including Balaenoptera edeni and Stenella longirostris, Balaenoptera musculus, Feresa attenuata, Globicephala macrorhynchus, Grampus griseus, Lagenodelphis hosei, Megaptera novaeangliae, Orcinus orca, Pseudorca crassidens, Stenella attenuata, Steno bredanensis and Tursiops truncatus.
Supporting Information
Kahn, B. 2018. Personal communication
Kadarisman, H.P. 2018. Personal communication.
Mustika, P.L.K., Williams, R., Kadarisman, H.P., Purba, A.O., Maharta, I.P.R.F., Rahmadani, D. & Dewantama, I.M.I. (2021). A rapid assessment of the marine megafauna biodiversity around South Bali, Indonesia. Frontiers in Marine Science, 8, 606998.
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